Case study Technique Essay

In psychology, cases study is the use of descriptive research and analysis to obtain in-depth information about a person, group, or a phenomenon. Case study is conducted using techniques such as direct-observation of the person, personal interviews, psychometric tests, and use of earlier researches archived (Dunbar, 2005). Psychology uses a case study often in clinical research to explain an unusual occurrences and conditions of the patient. The conditions are contrary to the pre-established principles in the fields of psychology and clinical research. Most of the case studies are single-case design; however, there is multiple-case design where instead of using sampling, replication is the criterion for use. Case study in psychology ought to be valid, and reliable to help in the future psychological research. This paper explains the reasons, disadvantages, and advantages of the case study. Reasons for Using Case Study Case study allows the researcher to examine and gather information about persons in far more detail than if the research was on a large number of people. Although the case study is not a research method, clinical and psychological researchers identifies methods of data collection that is suitable for the case study (Goodwin, 1995). For instance, observation, interviews, personal notes, and officially documented records. The reason for the case study is to investigate into the private lives of persons with the focus of understanding them and helping them in overcoming the problems that they experienced in their daily lives. Advantages and Disadvantages of Case Study Case study allows the researchers to collect detailed information about a person that is useful. The information would not have been obtained by the other research methods. The information obtained during the case study is richer and is greater in depth compared to the other experimental designs. Moreover, the research considers rare cases where large samples of similar people are not available. Scientific experiments on the person done during the process of study are also an advantage (Dunbar, 2005). The process enables the researchers to adapt to ideas and come up with a hypothesis that  will be a point of reference in the future research. On the contrary, the data collected during the case study cannot apply in a wider population. This makes the data not be useful in longitudinal case studies. In addition, some of the studies are not scientific in nature (Goodwin, 1995). They are only a generalization of the scientific principles. The study considers only one individual; therefore, the study is prone to the researcher biases. The bias of the experimenter can influence the conclusions more than in the other study designs. It is also difficult to prove the effect from the psychological case study (Dunbar, 2005). A case study is often prone to be more time consuming than the time used in other study designs. Sources of Case Study Data The case study research generates data from different sources. The researchers use field notes to record data that is already available in stored databases. The use of sampling where one person is examined to represent a wider group is also a method of case study data collection. In addition, questionnaires, observations, and interviewing are other methods used to collect case study data. In conclusion, the study tends to collect qualitative data. The psychological case study is important since it collects unique and in-depth data about a person. Mainly, the rare phenomena and conditions allude to case studies. Finally, it is vital to refer to the recorded data to ensure that the findings are accurate and applicable in the real life situations. References Dunbar, G. (2005). Evaluating research methods in psychology: A case study approach. Malden, MA: BPS Blackwell. Goodwin, C. J. (1995). Research in psychology: Methods and design. New

Flight to Darwin, number 3105, now boarding

White knuckles, sweaty palms, this single seat in a line of 9 is my only safe zone, all of five minutes and we are inseparable. This aching fear, holding me down to my seat, my safe zone. Final call for flight number 3105 to Darwin. This was the day, this was the time, and this was the place where I came face to face with my biggest fear. Glued to my seat, I thought why? Why am I so afraid? Why am I sitting here, in an airport terminal unable to move from this relatively uncomfortable, plastic seat? It’s not right. I look to my surrounding, fellow flyers. Children, the elderly, mothers and fathers, all willingly ascending from their relatively uncomfortable seats, to board a completely reliable aeroplane. Such a miniscule task in one’s life journey, and I can’t even stand up. A crippling fear of flying has left me without dignity and courage, ashamed and embarrassed. But my thoughts are interrupted by the comforting sound of one of the flight attendants. â€Å"Sir? † she says, â€Å"is everything ok? Your flight is here for you†, a speechless reply on my behalf indicates that im not ‘ok’, parking herself on the seat next to me she utters, â€Å"there’s nothing to be afraid of, the skies are blue, no winds in sight, a simple, scare-free trip†. †¦ â€Å"Im trying, I really am, but I just can’t work up the courage to get up and board that god damn plane† I attempt to explain. She returns with â€Å"Nelson Mandela once said that courage is not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear†. I don’t know what happened there and then, but a strong epiphany occurred in that infant mind state I was entranced by, I wasn’t without courage because of my fear of flying, I was without courage because I wasn’t doing anything to overcome that fear. â€Å"For a flight attendant, you are one wise woman† I proclaimed to her. She just smiled at me and walked on to the plane, as if she knew I would follow her steps. Three deep breathes, to calm myself and double as a countdown as I rise. Stand up, chin up and smile from ear to ear. What seems like such a small achievement to most, a small step in a day to day activity, was an accomplishment of immense proportions for me. Forwarding to the gates of the plane, I get my ticket scanned, and travel down the seemingly elongated tunnel connecting to the side of the plane, greeted by the wise attendant; I embrace her luminescent, comforting aura and place myself into my allocated seat. A somewhat comfortable seat, leather exterior, cushioned interior, cup holders, earphone input, food tray and pillow. A reassuring safety speech enlightens the paranoia. The pleasant smiles beaming from the flight attendants render that this trip will be like any other average trip; no interruptions, no problems, no worries. But the slightest of fear was still sneaking through my mind, past the comforting seats, past the safety speeches, and past the wise flight attendant, and the clenching noise the doors made as they sealed closed only boosted fear through my veins. At that point in time a few traditional deep breathes were my only remedies I could think of, but not nearly enough. This time though, I was a wiser man, recalling what the flight attendant quoted. â€Å"Courage is not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear. † Replaying it over and over in my head, like a broken record. Courage is not the absence of fear†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And on and on†¦ Until I looked to the front of the plane, chip up, a few more deep breathes and smiled†¦ An hour and I half later, no interruptions, no problems, no worries. I walked off that plane, proud. A feeling like never before, a feeling of true courageousness. And standing there just outside that Darwin Airport in the taxi zone, I thought about how this is my new safe zone, my serenity until a new challenge awaits, however great or miniscule it may be, it is nothing compared to the courage of one’s soul .

Mathematics and statics for economists Statistics Project

Mathematics and statics for economists - Statistics Project Example The sample data for happiness is positively skewed which means that most people interviewed has a positive happiness level. The kurtosis of 15.41579212 shows that the probability of extreme values is less than for a level of happiness, and the values are wider spread around the mean of 4.820680628. The histogram gives a clear graphical representation of positive kurtosis and skewness. The data are concentrated to the left of the mean level of happiness representing a general positive level of happiness among the sample population. In a nutshell, the data is positively skewed but with a median of 5, the data is almost normally distributed considering that the mean is 4.820680628. From the Anova results above, the P value 0.00 while the significance level ÃŽ ±=0.05. The P value 0.00 The correlation results show that level of happiness and means of traveling to work exhibit a positive association. The correlation coefficient is 0.819346. This happiness and means of travelling travel in the same direction. The regression equation shows the relationship between happiness and means of travelling travel in the same direction. According to the regression line, an increase of means of travelling to work by one unit will increase the level of happiness 2.740298 when all factors are held constant. From the regression result, means of traveling to work positively influence the level of happiness. This means the two variables exhibit a positive relationship. The results according to the link above show that there effects of commuting to the level of happiness at

International Business and Economics Assignment

International Business and Economics - Assignment Example Franchising is very similar to licensing except in the degree of control by the licensor in that a franchise has to adhere strictly to a set of standards such as in marketing strategy and in its sales promotions (Welch, Benito, and Petersen, 2007, p. 53). Example of licensing would be a Mickey Mouse logo licensed to a kids shoe manufacturer while franchising is a McDonald's. Turnkey operations are a type of business entry mode in which one company contracts with another company to build, construct and complete ready-to-use facilities (Paul, 1966, p. 162). Most turnkey projects are usually in the construction and industrial-equipment sectors which require big capital and specialized expertise (Daniels, Radebaugh and Sullivan, 2008, p. 45). Management contracts pertain to agreements between investor groups of a big project and the management company hired for their expertise to manage, coordinate and oversee the project. The company is hired provides its management, administrative and organizational talents in return for a management fee such as those quite common in global hotel chains like Hilton. A direct investment is an investment made with a view to acquiring a lasting or long-term part or interest in an existing operational business enterprise in order to have an effective voice in the management of the said enterprise. In practice, this translates to buying the equity of 10% or more in the foreign firm as a form of market entry when other modes are not very assured of success. In this regard, foreign direct investment (FDI) is a way for capital to move from the low-return environment to a higher-profit market (Moosa, 2002, p. 24). Portfolio investment is an investment in stocks and securities for profits only and is called â€Å"hot money.† Attitudes to Foreign Cultures – the managers and employees of multinational firms try to adapt to foreign cultures sometimes based on their home culture. In most instances, the managers who are very democ ratic in their attitudes at their home country also extend these same traits of democratic practices such as sharing of vital information with the employees in a foreign country where they operate in (Toyne, 1980, p. 135). In some situations, the contrast of country managers is very vast such as imposing their home country's practices, beliefs and values on the host country's employees (Hofstede, 2003, p. 440) as a frame of reference while others take a more tolerant attitude and try to learn more and understand the foreign culture in a much better and deeper way (Ajami et al., 2006, p. 215). The success of a manager in the foreign country depends to a big extent on his or her cultural intelligence quotient (CQ) level similar to intelligence quotient (IQ) or emotional quotient (EQ) by being able to sufficiently read and analyze individual behaviors, attitudes, group dynamics and the unique situations in the context of the foreign culture (Kreitner, 2006, p. 97) beyond just learning the language. Key Means of Economic Transition – a command economy is an economy that is being managed centrally by the government bureaucrats. In other words, the demand and also the supply of certain products, goods, and services are determined by government planners. It is these people who decide which goods and services are to be produced, how they are priced and how these are to be distributed instead of allowing free market forces to do so.

To ascertain the motivational factors for buying wine Essay

To ascertain the motivational factors for buying wine - Essay Example John Bruwer and Graham Wood (2005): Motivational and Behavioral Perspectives: Journal of Wine Research: Volume 16: ISSN 0957-1264, Online ISSN: 1469-9672: Rout ledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group. Nelson Barber, Barbara A Almanza and Janis Donovan (2006): Motivational Factors of gender, income and age on selecting a bottle of wine: International Journal of wine marketing: Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 18 (3), pp.218-232. Olson, J. C and Jacoby, J (2002): Cue utilization in the Quality Perception Process: In Venkatesan Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Conference of the Association for Consumer Research, Chicago, pp. 167-179. Orth, U. R. & Krska, P. (2002) Quality Signals in Wine Marketing: The Role of Exhibition Awards, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 4, pp.385-397. P.T.H Unwin (2000): Wine and the Vine: A Historical Geography of Viticulture and the Wine Trade: Routlegde Publishers: (Pgs 352-409) Keith Grainger and Hazel Tattersall (2005): Wine Production: Vine Bottle: Wiley-Blackbell (Pgs 56-125) Jenster, P. and Cheng, Y. (2008) Dragon Wine: Developments in the Chinese Wine Industry, International Journal of Wine Business Research, 20 (3), pp.244-259. Stephen Charters (2006): Wine and Society; The Social and Cultural Context of a Drink: Butterworth-Heinemann (Pgs 135-140) Sun, H., Yu, Y, Goodman, S., Chen, S., and Ma, H. (2009): Chinese choices: a survey of wine consumers in Beijing, International Jo

Effective Employee Communication (in perspective of Employee to Essay

Effective Employee Communication (in perspective of Employee to Employee) - Essay Example In organisations, communication plays a key role in the efficiency, effectiveness and ultimately the overall performance of the organisation. Communication in an organisation mainly takes two forms based on the direction of flow of information in the organisation. They include vertical and horizontal communication. Vertical communication takes two forms, which is defined by the downward flow of information from the management to the subordinates, mainly in the form of directives and instructions, and upward communication which exemplifies the flow of information in the form of feedback and requests from the subordinates to their supervisors and managers. Horizontal communication on the other hand is the conveyance of information between employees at the same level in the organisation e.g. departmental heads and same level managers or even the lowest level of employees. The main focus of this paper however, will be on the ‘employee to employee’ communication within the organisation and its effectiveness. Generally, employee communication inter se can either be formal or informal. Formal communication involves transmission of information in an official capacity, mainly written or documented within the employees of the organisation while informal or grapevine communication involves the exchange of information between the employees on an unofficial capacity and they do not need to follow proper channels in relaying information on the grapevine. Communication between employees is also a key pillar in the success of an organisation even though most organisations pay little attention to it. Research conducted over the years in many organisations has shown that peer communication and relations between employees can be of great source of employee motivation, can alleviate job-related stress and hence worth reducing the levels of job satisfacti on and employee turnover. It is hence key for the management of the

Paraphrasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 36

Paraphrasing - Essay Example The version of the poem that was created first was heavily worded and very emotional, the second version expressed emotions in limited number of words. In the first version the poet quite clearly defines his mother and her piano and then talks about the singing female. On the other hand, in the second version, the poet only talks about the female singing and reduces the mentioning of his mother. The difference between the two versions is that in the first version the poet explicitly talks of both his mother and the singing women and in the second version he only focuses on the singing lady which talks about his mother in a metaphorical manner (L, 1). The second version is better than the first one because it allows the reader to explore and identify that the poet is referring to his mother. The second version lacks unnecessary details about the mother and a simple line used by the poet in which he states that a mother is smiling at her child while she is singing is enough to identify that the author is talking about his own mother (L, 4). Another issue with the second version is the amount of unnecessary descriptive words used by t he author such as winning and living (L, 9). The first version is full of sentimental words that the author uses to depict his feelings and association with his mother. The second version lacks these unnecessary details and the second version comprises of few descriptions that allow the reader to explore. For example the poet talks about spending time at home during evening time on a Sunday (L, 7). This allows the readers to connect their own Sunday evenings with the evenings of the poet. Similar style of writing has been used by the poet to conclude the second version of the poem. For example the author states that he cries when he thinks of the past (L, 12). This again allows the readers to connect with the feelings of the poet as they even feel

The Psychological Effects of Law Enforcement Behavioral Modification Essay

The Psychological Effects of Law Enforcement Behavioral Modification Programs for Juveniles - Essay Example Study suggests that the child’s self-esteem may be damaged in the detention setting, where they are subject to strip searches, institutional clothing, and dictated routines (McShane & Williams, 2003). Research has demonstrated that properly implemented alternatives to detention are considerably less costly than secure confinement and youths placed in alternatives make their offenses while they are living at home (or in the community) awaiting the final disposition of their cases. In fact, well-designed alternatives can actually reduce failures to appear and pretrial crimes, because youth involved in these programs are in greater contact with court personnel in the pre-adjudication period (Krisberg, 2005). In February 2010, Hook featured the R.E.A.D.Y. program, inclusive of some of the stories that the team experienced in the sessions. In Hook’s (2010) article, the different activities done inside the jail were also carried out and the program officers showed toughness and strictness. Most of the parents intentionally brought in their misbehaving children, hoping for some changes, and based on the number of teens that were brought in, only 1.1% of them were truly arrested. Given the relatively sensitive issue of juveniles being sent to real jail, and the possible negative psychological damages that may be brought about by some legislations it is undeniable then, that alternative behavioral programs like the R.E.A.D.Y program be implemented and assessed soundly to prevent the youth from committing any crime. Moreover, it is imperative that the communities to which the adolescents belong to provide a healthy environment that nurtures a positive behavior through assisting those who enter into the program to make better choices, consequently deterring negative behavior. The US Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS] (2008) estimated in 2006 that more than 900,000 children were either

What Part Did Religious Ideals Play In The Renaissance Voyages Of Essay

What Part Did Religious Ideals Play In The Renaissance Voyages Of Columbus - Essay Example European monarchs broke away from feudalism to form powerful alliances with the new and wealthy merchant class, whose members were eager for new trading routes, for access to spice markets and for the fabled wealth of the East. Each of these elements was significant for the voyages of discovery, but they were heightened by the missionary character of Christianity and the ideals urged upon its followers by the New Testament. To conquer lands, not just for their riches but also in search of converts, proved to be powerfully motivating.1 So alluring in fact that concerns over navigational knowledge paled into insignificance and ‘faith’ was substituted for sound maritime practices. Without the powerful lure of Christianizing the New World, their Catholic Majesties may perhaps never have sponsored the voyages. And without the conversion zeal exhibited by Christopher Columbus, there may not have been four voyages. Thus the religious ideals of the Renaissance world, of the Span ish Monarchs of Columbus the man played a major role in bringing about the voyages. There can be no doubt about the religious commitment of Isabella of Castile. She ascended to the Spanish throne in 1474 and in the following years contributed greatly to strengthening the dominance of Catholicism in Europe. She was a woman who would be famed throughout history for her great political foresight but who would also plunge all of Christendom into a frenzy of religious ‘cleansing’, through her ‘devotional fanaticism’.2 Isabella was determined to reclaim ‘Christendom’ from the Moors, to which purpose she had committed Spain to quasi-religious wars in the Middle East and on Spanish soil for nearly two decades. She finally completed her Reconquista of Spain with Granada, which was retaken in 14923 and the mood of victory heightened into an atmosphere of pious euphoria throughout the Mediterranean.  

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Journal - Assignment Example In the story, the two main characters, a man and a woman, are involved in a decision-making process about an issue that can affect their life. Being both free spirits, they are both hesitant to admit that their life will inevitably change like the hills that look like white elephant that look out of place in the horizon. Because the said issue is of great effect to both their lives, they are continuously talking about it. The man wants the woman to do something but she clearly does not like it. But both of they do not verbalize such feelings instead they are expressing the opposite. The argument between the two main characters can be compared to the factors in life that can affect the decisions that people make. There are people who are like travellers and just depend on fate to lead them to their destinations. There are people who take active actions and make important decisions in life to be able to achieve their goals. The in the story still wanted to have an easy traveller’s life but he is telling the woman that he can accept her decision which ever choice she makes. On the other hand, the woman wanted to arrive at a serious decision but she is telling the man that she is carefree regarding the decision they had to make. The story captures the complexity of life. It also reveals a perspective that no matter how people wanted to have free spirit and leave everything to fate, at one point decisions are needed to be

Its Mine Essay Example for Free

Its Mine Essay Group – anis,farhana,dieba| Coffin Analyse how characters are developed to enhance plot and theme. Group – bimal,kalai,aina| Coffin Analyse how historical events are dealt with in the play. Group – farah,zai| Coffin Relate the treatment of historical events in the play to critical theories. Group – uyun,wini,syieda| Jungle of Hope

How structural and linguistic devices are used to target specific audiences in printed media texts Essay Example for Free

How structural and linguistic devices are used to target specific audiences in printed media texts Essay Different audiences expect and react to different ideas, presentational devices, linguistic devices and so on. For example teenagers may expect bright, vibrant colours and exciting design, whereas older people may look for softer, neutral colours and a more formal design. Of course, these are stereotypical views but the designers of the media texts must make them with a stereotypical view of their audience in mind. In this essay I will look at three different media texts aimed at different groups and explain how they attempt to appeal to these audiences. Firstly I will compare the ideas put forward in the three texts. In the Club 18-30 leaflet the focus is mainly on going out and having fun, in clubs, pubs and on beaches. The Superfamily piece talks about the activities that a family can participate in, such as pool games, quizzes, tennis courts, squash courts and fantasy golf. It also tells the audience about the things done to make a family holiday easier, such as baby care, childrens clubs and so on. The Forever Young brochure focuses on the older generation ands talks about the activities and facilities that they might enjoy, such as tennis, aerobics and golf, cathedrals to visit and conveniences like laundry services, money exchange, spacious bar and sun terraces. Now I will look at the presentational and structural devices in the three texts. In the Club 18-30 text bright, vibrant colours are used such as pink, blue, yellow and red. The title states the target audience straight away making it very obviously eye-catching to the right people. The pictures used are those of people dancing in a club and having fun as this is what most people going on this holiday want to do. This is not a full page advertisement as there is only a very small amount of information wanted; about the clubs, bars, beaches etc. This is all given in a fun, jaunty font with not too much reading needed. The Superfamily brochure is done in red, white and pale yellow. These are soft, welcoming, almost primary colours. This emphasises that this is a family advertisement. There are pictures a families by the pool as well as kids playing and having fun. All the borders are wavy and curved making this feel like a safe place for children and the font is plain. The Forever Young brochure has soft, autumn colours as well as natural blues and greens. Also, the pictures are serene. This is because the average older person wants a calm relaxing holiday. There is a full page layout with plain, simple borders. There are pictures of a cathedral and an empty pool. This helps add to the feeling of calm and relaxing on the holiday. I will next look at the language used in each of the pieces. In the Club 18-30 piece the language used is cool and slang with misspelled words such as in yer face. This is to target the younger audience. It is humorous yet with some facts, such as bars, clubs and beaches to visit. There are some opinions such as home to some of Europes premier DJs. It states what the younger audience may worry about when it says that youll need a fair bit of wedge. It also states that there are many things to do on your doorstep suggesting great ease, an important factor to youth. The Superfamily brochure uses informal yet informative language, like for the sporty among you. It is persuasive and serious, giving the reader a lot of reasons why the holiday is right for them. However in doing this it keeps a very friendly and approachable attitude as it wants to appeal to families. It states the many things that they will do to make family life easier, such as baby care and childrens clubs. Forever Young uses formal language as this is what appeals to a lot of the older generation. It is serious and informative, stating plainly what things there are to do and makes them seem calm for example it has a traditional, relaxed feel about it. This is important as most older people want a relaxing holiday. It is persuasive as it uses opinions about things like prettiest and traditional. Overall I believe it is very important for advertisers to use all means at their disposal to attract the target audience. They must choose the right presentational devices, the right language and the right style in order to convince the target audience to buy their product.

Objectives And The Functional Requirements Of Cladding System Construction Essay

Objectives And The Functional Requirements Of Cladding System Construction Essay There are some elementary objectives of the cladding system. These objectives are the reasons for the invention and adoption of cladding system due to our increasing construction technology and demands of clients. There are many types of clients, some are emphasize more on aesthetic value, some are emphasize more on functional value, some are emphasize on time of erection and even some are emphasize on construction cost. So, the primary objectives of cladding system can be concluded as below: Supply of enclosure to the structure with the function of essential protection against the natural elements such as wind, rain, storm and etc. Invention and adoption of dry construction method which is more advanced such as off-site prefabrication, off-site manufacturing and etc. Minimize the additional dead load onto the frame. Improve the aesthetic value of the structure or the architectural concept. Control internal environment. Thus, in order to accomplish these elementary objectives of cladding system, the cladding system must perform these functional requirements: Strength and Stability It should have sufficient strength to support its own weight between the points of support or fixings to the structure. It must provide adequate stability against lateral wind pressure. It is essential to allow the differential movement in material expansion and contraction between the cladding system, the structural frame and the adjacent building elements. Exclusion of Wind and Rain Generally, the method is to construct solid cladding systems with an outer leaf as a rain screen and inner leaf of light weight block for insulation. In order to accommodate movement and resist weather deterioration, the material that used to seal joints and claddings must be resilient enough. Durability and Freedom of Maintenance The frequency and extent of work necessary to maintain minimum functional requirements acceptable appearance must be minimized to save cost. There are some problems and requirements of maintenance of several types of material. These are some examples. For masonry, a little maintenance is needed only. Glass requires frequent cleaning and renewal of seal. Besides that, sheet materials such as bronze, aluminium and stainless steel will be oxidized easily and faded faster as compare to masonry and glass. Control of Internal Temperatures As we know, the solar is gained through glass panel. Thus, we must control the proportion of glazed to solid areas. Besides that, thermal control can also be achieved by some methods. For example, deep recessed window used in conjunction with external vertical fins and used of non-transparent external louvres. By the way, used of special solar control glass is encouraged also. Thermal Properties Additional insulation need to be provided by lining of the cladding materials. It must achieve the U-values that laid down in the building regulations It must avoid the problems that would arise from cold bridging and from surface and interstitial condensation. The problem of air leakage should be minimized. Environmental and Sustainability Issues It is defined as how much the cladding system can contribute to the overall energy efficiency of the building. Environmental friendliness of cladding materials also plays a very important role in these issues. Fire Requirements Due to the proximity of other buildings and the use class of the building, fire resistance may be required. In order to restrict the fire from spread over the internal and external surfaces and within voids, the lining material that used for insulation is made up of non-combustible materials. Sound Insulation The resilient pad is used to prevent sound originating within the structure to be transferred vertically through the cladding members. Airborne sound originating from external source can be prevented by utilizing double glazing panel to window area. Aesthetic Issues The context within which the building is situated will determine the level of aesthetic of that building. Necessary to satisfy the aesthetic aspiration of the clients. General Function of the Building There are some functions of building that need to be stated and established such as day lighting and natural ventilation requirements, degree of privacy required, exploitation of pleasant views or exclusion of undesirable views and etc. A CLIENT REQUIRES A ROAD THAT REQUIRES LITTLE MAINTENANCE WITH REASONABLE NON-SKID PROPERTIES. WITH THE AID OF DIAGRAMME, SUGGEST A TYPE OF ROAD AND THE CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY FOR THE PROPOSED ROAD. The road that I will proposed which meets the demand of client is rigid pavement. Rigid pavement is made up of concrete road slab. These are some functions of pavement. Pavement provides a flat surface that makes the journey comfort. Pavement helps to transfer and distribute the transportation load onto the ground evenly. Besides that, pavement protects ground surface against weather effects such rain and wind. These are the characteristics of rigid pavement. Characteristics Rigid pavement Subsidence damage Considerable with expansion joints Initial cost High and require low skill labour Maintenance Low Appearance Glare from sun Non skid properties Reasonable Resistance to wear Good if the quality of concrete is controlled Ease of reinstatement Costly, difficult, require curing time Weakness The requirement of relatively frequently spaced temperature expansion and contraction joints, which also provides a less comfortable surface for riding. Construction Methodology The construction methodology of rigid pavement can be classified into several procedures which are placement, screeding, consolidation, finishing, curing and joints. Placement Truck or truck attachment is used to place the precast concrete directly to the desired position. Otherwise, placement machine is used for more accurate and even placement. Once the precast concrete has been unloaded from the truck, it tends to become less homogenous. Figure 1 Figure 2 Screeding During this process, the excess part of the roughly placed precast concrete is cut off to the desired elevation of slab. Generally, this is done by dragging a straightedge across the slab at the required elevation. Consolidation In this process, the freshly placed precast concrete is making to form a more uniform and compact mass. This can be done by eliminating unwanted air voids and causing it to move around potential obstruction such as reinforcement bar. Generally, consolidation is done by using vibrators which are formed by long and slender vibration rods. Vibrators can be drive by rotating an eccentric weight which causes the whole vibrator to move back and forth. Vibrators are used to excite particles within precast concrete mass. This will cause the particles attach each other closer and better flow around obstructions. Proper consolidation is very important to the performance of rigid pavement. It must possess adequate vibrations to enhance the durability. Too much or too little vibration will lower the performance of rigid pavement. Vibrator static head also influences the efficiency. Figure 3 Finishing In this process, the task is to create the final surface finish and texture of fresh precast concrete. In general, finishing can be categorized into 2 types which are floating and texturing. In floating, a flat surface is run across the precast concrete in number of times and may involve many different tools. This process is used to remove high spots, low spots and imperfections, embed larger aggregate particles beneath the surface and to prepare the surface of mortar for texturing with compaction. After floating, fresh precast concrete is quite smooth. A rough pattern is usually formed by dragging a broom, rough-textured item, or tinted instrument across the surface to enhance the non-skip property of rigid pavement. In general, texturing can be divided into 2 types which are Microtexture and Macrotexture. Microtexture is more common than Macrotexture. Microtexture is accomplished by dragging a section of burlap or artificial turf behind the paver. Curing The task of this process refers to the maintenance of adequate moisture and temperature within a precast concrete mass as it sets and hardens in order to develop the desired properties of strength, durability and density. Curing can be done by 2 different methods which are water curing and sealed curing. Water curing is method that prevents moisture loss and supply additional water to precast concrete surface. This method is labour intensive and generally not practices in rigid pavement anymore. Sealed method is method that prevents moisture loss but do not supply any additional water. This can be done by putting a waterproof covering over a slab such as plastic or using a liquid membrane-forming chemical compound. Figure 4 (Finishing) Figure 5 (Curing) Joints There are many types of joints used in rigid pavement. The basics of transverse contraction joint construction should include joint location, saw cutting timing, saw cutting depth and joint sealing. Joint locations are necessary to indicate on the construction plans and should be planned in advance. The timing of contraction joint sawing is determined by 2 main factors which are shrinkage cracking and precast concrete support strength and joint raveling. In the aspect of saw cutting depth, transverse contraction joints are usually cut to a depth of 1/4 to 1/3 of the total slab depth in order to make sure cracking only occurs at the joints. After the previous procedure has been done, it requires to be sealed to reduce the water and incompressible material entry. Figure 6 (Joint Layout) Figure 7 (Shrinkage Crack) Figure 8 (Sawcut Depth) DESCRIBE THE PERFORMANCE AND SPECIFY THE MATERIAL THAT CAN BE USED TO FILL THE VOID OF DISUSED STRUCTURES, EG: CULVERTS, REDUNDANT SEWERS, CELLARS AND BASEMENTS AND ALSO FOR SOIL STRUCTURAL STABILIZATION, EG: BRIDGE ABUTMENTS, TUNNEL STABILIZATION AND EMBANKMENTS. In our construction technology, there are many materials that can be used and performed very well in construction process such as concrete, plastic, stone, ceramic and timber. All of these materials possess advantages and disadvantages. In this question, the material that will be chosen is aerated concrete. There are a lot of reasons why I choose this material, aerated concrete. Aerated concrete is a highly workable and low density material which incorporating entrained air up to 50 percents. In general, it has the characteristics of self-levelling, self-compacting and may be pumped. Besides that, the risk of plastic shrinkage or settlement cracking of aerated concrete is significantly lower as compared to normal concrete. This foamed concrete is ideal for filling up the redundant or unnecessary voids such as disused fuel tanks, sewer systems, pipelines and culverts. Other than that, aerated concrete also has a good thermal insulation property. The aerated concrete can be fully utilized in several applications such as: Unwanted voids Pipelines Service ducts and shafts Bridge arches or subways Disused structures Culverts Redundant sewers Cellars and basements Higher structural stabilization Bridge abutments Tunnel stabilization enbankments Insulating fill Low density insulating sub-screed Insulating fill to house over-sites By the way, there are several highlighted final concrete performances of aerated concrete that can said to be the advantages of this kind of concrete. Aerated concrete contains high entrained air content. With this property, the aerated concrete is able to resist the damage that formed from freeze and thaw. Besides that, entrained air can acts as a good thermal and acoustic insulator. The aerated concrete has good cohesion ability. It can form a stable foam structure that reduces settlement and reduces bleeding and segregation. Other than that, aerated concrete possess controlled density and strength. For example, low strength of concrete enables the removal for subsequent access to services and maintenance. The range of densities and strengths available depends on the types of foamed concrete. Structure that formed by aerated concrete is very stable. It can generally be surfaced after 24 hours. Besides that, other materials can be combined together and included in the mix. Combination of different materials depends on the applications and requirements. There are some combinations such as polypropylene fiber, fibersteel, quarry fines, vermiculite, flyash and volcanic ash. Autoclaved aerated concrete is one common type of aerated concrete. It is a material like wood but without the disadvantages of combustibility, decay and termite damage. The initial cost of autoclaved aerated concrete is very high but it can be compensated by lower cost of labour, finish, maintenance, and energy. In terms of manufacturing issue, construction issue and etc, it is a good ecological choice. The autoclaved aerated concrete is very versatile because the mixture proportions can be modify to setup different insulation values and compressive strength. Due to the reason of autoclaved aerated concrete is light in weight and workable, thus it can reduce the construction time, waste and energy by faste r speed of construction. BRIEFLY DESCRIBE THE ACTIVITES INVOLVED IN EXTERNAL WORKS AT THE START OF THE CONTRACT. In general, external works is defined as the construction works that done externally from the main building. The external works can be divided into several main parts which are drainage requirements, temporary constructions, public utilities, special industries services, minor external buildings, security and lighting. In construction industry, most of the activities are spanned within the entire project period but some of the external works are involved at the start of the contract. These external works are drainage main runs, access arrangement, storage facilities, car parks, hard areas for plants and machineries for construction of foundation and service mains to building entry. Firstly, drainage will be explained in detail. Drainage can be divided into 2 main types which are surface drainage and sub-surface drainage. Surface drainage is defined as the removal and disposal of water from the surface of a pavement. Sub-surface drainage is the type of drainage that uses the underground pipes and other fittings to direct the flow of water from where it is not wanted to some other places. Sub-surface drainage might include land drainage. Land drainage can be defined as removing and disposing of surplus groundwater gardens, fields and other plots of open land. Surface drainage system often refers as channels that direct the surface water to a drainage outlet. These channels are made up of stone or precast concrete. This system usually discharges all the relatively clean water into a local watercourse such as ditch, stream or river. This system can reduce the demand on the effluent treatment plant. The relatively clean water usually consists of water from the roof and the paving. The channels are slope down towards the public footpath and highway. After that, the water will be directed into gullies or linear drain which will flow to the storm water sewers later. In surface drainage system, the gully and access point is function to collect and discharge the collected water into local watercourse. Generally, there are three types of gully and access point used to perform this function. They are individual trapped gully, continuous grating over precast channels and combined kerb and drainage system. In the aspect of individual trapped gully, there are many types of gully that have been used. P-trap and hopper is commonly used with rainwater pick-ups rather than use in large areas drainage of paving. Yard gully also know as a bottle gully, compact gully or an universal gully. Other than that, road gully is much larger than P-trap and yard gully but they work in the same way. The specifications of road gully are it has a fixed 150mm diameter outlet but come in a variety of diameters and depths. For example, road gully the used within the carriage ways is commonly used to drain an area less than 250m2. In the aspect of continuous grating over precast channels, it can be various sizes, from 50mm deep units for roof drainage to 250mm deep for motorway drains. These channels can made up of various materials such as polymer concrete, wet-press concrete, HDPE and stainless steel. In a specific application, the type of channels used will depends on the end use of the drain. There are two main types which are built-in fall units and regular depth units. Built-in fall units are channels that maintain a fixed depth along their whole length and compulsory laid to a fall. It is suitable to use in large drainage for flat areas such as car parks, freight yards, airports and etc. The regular depth units are suitable to use in short length drainage which has a natural gradient. Lastly, the combined kerb and drainage system have 2 main functions. It can acts as road isolator. Besides that, it is also a discharge point of collected surface water. Generally, sub-surface drainage system deals with foul water such as kitchen waste, toilet or soil and vent pipes, bath or shower or bidet and any industrial process. Besides that, this system can deals with both foul water and surface water such as rain water pick-ups, yard or road gullies and linear drains. Sub-surface drainage system consists of underground pipe line, manhole or inspection chamber and culvert. In underground pipe line, various materials can be used to make pipes such as vitrified clay, uPVC, concrete, ductile and cast iron (CI), glassfibre reinforced plastics (GRP), high density polyethylene (HDPE), pitch fibre and asbestos. In general, there are 3 main types of pipes which are socketed clayware, plain-end clay and plastic 100/150mm. There are 2 main types of jointing of pipes. Plain ended pipes are a type of pipes that have identical ends. They can be joined by means of a coupling. Other than that, socketed pipes have identifiable male and female ends. The method of laid must be in the way of female end pointing upstream. Next, access chambers are commonly not more than 600mm deep which provides an easy access for cursory inspection and access of maintenance equipments. Inspection chamber possess the same function as the access chamber but inspection chamber is larger than access chamber with a minimum 450mm diameter. Besides that, inspection chamber tend to have more branches or spurs feeding into them. Normally, the inspection chamber can be up to 1000mm deep. Manhole is the largest chamber that provides the same function. Manhole can be any depth with the minimum internal dimension of 600x900mm. There are two main types of manhole which are brick manhole and precast concrete manhole. After that, culvert can be defined as a structure which provides a waterway or other opening under a road. In general, the type of pipe culvert chosen should be class Z spun reinforced concrete with spun concrete collars or spigot and socket type. At the start of the contract, there are some external works that need to be done in order to proceed to start the construction works. The external works that need to be done 1st is to prepare and provide hard access to all parts of the site, hard storage for materials, site facilities and car parks. Generally, in order to reduce the cost of temporary road and access, the contractor will lay the base course of the future permanent road as the temporary road and access. There is a way to keep the site temporary road dry for the convenience of construction works which is laying the drainage system as soon as possible. Public utilities services are very important to a building. Thus, all the public utilities need to be planned carefully before any major structures are built. Any constructions of service mains and ducts should be constructed concurrently with the foundation construction works in order to make the entire construction works faster and avoid any inconveniences.

A Vindication of the Right of Women and Woman in the Nineteenth Century

Education of Women in A Vindication of the Right of Women and Woman in the Nineteenth Century      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In two centuries where women have very little or no rights at all, Mary Wollstonecraft and Margaret Fuller appear as claiming voices, as two followers of feminism. Two women separated by a century but united by the same ideals. In these male- dominated societies, these two educated women tried to vindicate their rights through one of the few areas where they could show their intelligence: literature. So, in the 18th century we find Wollstonecraft ´s A Vindication of the Right of Women and in the 19th her successor Margaret Fuller’s Woman in the Nineteenth Century. Two books written with the same purpose: to vindicate the rights of women and to try to create a better situation for women, yet through two differing points of view, the difference of one century. As there are too many points about the rights of women dealt with by these books, I am going to concentrate in one of these vindictive points: the education of women. Throughout this paper, I am going to show how these two women wrote about women education from two different kind of feminism, what they thought about it and how they dealt with this subject. During the 18th century there was little argument for civil and educational rights for women. There was more concern about racial matters than about women status and rights. When Mary Wollstonecraft wrote Vindication of the Right of Woman, she tried to fulfil this lack of civil and educational rights for women. This is a plea to give equality of opportunity to women. The education she promoted was a mixture of information and rational skills. She stresses the importance of educating both sexes together, somethi... ...t, not only a light version of what was taught to boys. Romanticism did not define female nature only in contrast to men. Romanticism does not describe women as the negative counterpart of men. Fuller’s feminism is also romantic because she believed that women could be free by themselves only if they united together but never if united with men. This difference of feminism is based on the different time both of them live on, while in the 18th century women had no rights at all, in the following one they begin to have access to education, so now the following step was to achieve the liberation that Fuller vindicate in her work. BIBLIOGRAPHY Wollstonecraft, Mary. Vindication of the Right of Woman. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972. Fuller, Margaret. Woman in the Nineteenth Century and Other Writings. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.   

History :: essays research papers

We have been taught that it is important to know history so that we can understand and learn from past mistakes to avoid repeating them in the future. Therefore, attending the Holocaust Museum should be mandatory because the museums unique interactive exhibits allows people to relive the inhumanity of the Holocaust and to have a hands on experience with the events leading to and ending World War II.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Holocaust Museum did a remarkable job of involving the visitors during the tour. It was as if we turned back time and actually relived the whole ordeal as first hand witnesses. Throughout the tour there were many exhibits recreating the crucial events leading to the Holocaust, and reenactments of meetings leading to the final decision to begin the execution of the Jews. The museum exhibits clearly gave everyone a better understanding and feeling of the struggles that the Jews went through during the war. Through old documents and pictures displayed on exhibits throughout the tour, the visitors were showered with horrific and heroic information that you simply don’t get from textbooks or films.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Hall of Testimony was an emotional exhibit where visitors watched films and listened to experiences of Jewish people who were involved in the concentration camps. The Hall of Testimony was a dark and gloomy room ironically representing a gas chamber. It gave people a sense of deeper understandment and fear of what was actually going on. It felt as if you were actually in a gas chamber waiting for your final hours of life. Watching dramatic videos of the Jewish people being stripped of their clothing and separated from their loved ones to enter the gas chambers became very emotional and hard to watch. It made everyone in the room both psychologically and physically aware of the actual sufferings that occurred during the Holocaust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I don’t believe that I have ever been fully aware of the tragedies and sorrows that occurred during the Holocaust. Throughout many years of learning about the Holocaust in junior high, high school, and college, I still felt a sense of emptiness about the whole ordeal as I walked into the Museum of Tolerance. However, when I walked out of the museum I felt as if I was a new man. I began realizing how cruel the world can be and how much the people living in this world today can improve it by showing equality towards one another.

After the Bomb by Gloria Miklowitz :: After the Bomb by Gloria Miklowitz

After the Bomb  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     After the Bomb written by Gloria Miklowitz is a thrilling novel that takes place before, during, and after a bomb which supposedly was sent from Russia by accident. L.A. and surrounding cities are all altered by the disastrous happening. Philip Singer a teenager is in a position as leader of the family. His brother Matt is awfully sick, possibly from radiation, his father was away at work during the blast and for all Philip knows he might be dead, and his mother was desperately injured and needs immediate attention. Hospitals are flooded with injured and dying people and the government doesn't send help for a few days. The badly injured don't even get the chance to be helped because the hospitals have to send the ones that are likely going to live to hospitals that specialize in burns. His mother is so badly burned that the hospitals put her on the bottom of the list to be flown to burn centers. By the end of the novel Philip has taken charge, snuck his mom ahead to be flown to a burn center, and in a sense saved his town from thirst. He truly survived the terror, shock, and danger of the bomb. The novel goes through a couple of settings such as, Philip's struggle to keep his family alive, and the conflict between the nature of a nuclear bomb against the Los Angeles area. When the bomb hits he is playing around in a playroom shelter with his brother and his girlfriend. They go out to find out what had happened and found burning houses, their house only left with one wall, rubble on the ground, debris all over the place, and people running frantically for shelter. Philip's brother became sick after finding his mother and bringing her back down to the shelter, and found that his mother had been burnt severely and needed immediate medical attention. Philip struggles to keep his brother from getting even more sick than he was and to bring his mother to a hospital. Philip's family weren't the only people affected by the bomb. the entire surrounding area of Los Angeles was pounded by a devastating bomb. Churches, Hospitals, and streets were flooded with sick, dying, and even dead people. Hospitals that were built to only withstand 200 people now have thousands, and hospitals lack food, doctors, and water.

A history of African American slaves Essay

But as mentioned, may also argue for the more positive portrayal of John Brown in writings and media. They believe that negative portrayal of John Brown gives an unfair interpretation of his history. They argue that many of the writers who have put John Brown in a bad light let their writings be tainted with bias, and so some of them veered away from impartial interpretation of facts that surround Brown. Many argue that John Brown, as a human being, is a product of his past, and how he was shaped by his society. These people say that as much as you can’t blame John Brown like you can’t fully blame a suicide bomber for dying and killing for his convictions and beliefs. He was one of those who viewed society through a revolutionary lens, only that he let his eyes go awry by choosing violent methods. It could also be that he was pressured into going through violent acts because he wanted immediate change, and saw that relatively peaceful methods like passing legislations were not effecting these changes fast enough. It can be recalled that he once tried to use negotiation to settle the prices and terms in the wool industry, yet to no avail. Several factors like this could have led to this kind of mindset that he had. Some people view him as a hero, as proved by many edifices and statues built in his honor. For some people, especially the African-Americans, his motives were enough to proclaim him as a hero and a martyr for the nation. This point proves that personal history of the race or culture greatly affects the lens through which people look at things in the environment. Since the ancestors of these people were the ones defended by Brown, they feel indebted to him in some way. Without his armed action against the southerners, then major recognition of their peoples’ freedom wouldn’t have occurred. The people that John Brown tried to save were the ones who look up to him as a liberator still. From when he was alive to when he was executed, the public viewed him as both a violent rogue and a patriot. However multifaceted the views of John Brown’s character may be, it is important that we ground our views on the facts and truths found in history. There are many things we have to consider about his personality, character and motivations, and these things are needed to form a good opinion and view of Brown. CONCLUSION John Brown supported ideologies that were unaccepted during his time, and used methods that were unacceptable both when he lived and after this period. In his time, he garnered both the dissent of both slavery supporters and pacifist abolitionists, and the support of some abolitionists. The presence of multiple opinions was also evident even after his death. His image still acquires the same two sides of public opinion no matter how times have changed. John Brown is an American historical figure whose image contains many facets to it because people from different times had different â€Å"lenses† or factors like values systems, cultural and social backgrounds to view his life with. These factors influence how people form opinions and views. Whatever â€Å"lens† we may have and use in viewing John Brown’s image or any other thing outside of ourselves, it is important that we remain accurate and faithful to truth and fact as much as possible. BIBLIOGRAPHY Berlin, Ira. Generations of Captivity: A History of African American Slaves.United States of America: President and Fellows of Harvard College , 2003. Catterall, Helen T. Judicial Cases Concerning Slavery and the Negro. New York: Octagon Books, 1968. â€Å"Civil War History†. Southernhistory. net. http://www. southernhistory. net/modules. php? op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=9406. (accessed April 9, 2009) Chowder, Ken. The Father of American Terrorism. New York: American Heritage, 2002. DeCaro Jr. , Louis A. â€Å"People’s Ally, White People’s Bogeyman: A John Brown Story† in Andrew Taylor and Eldrid Herrington (editors), The Afterlife of John Brown. 2005 DeCaro Jr. , Louis A. John Brown–The Cost of Freedom: Selections from His Life & Letters. 2007. Fried, Albert. John Brown’s Journey: Notes & Reflections on His America and Mine. Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 1978. Gallay, Alan. The Indian Slave Trade: The Rise of the English Empire in the American South, 1670-1717. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002. Genovese, Eugene D. Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made. New York: Random House, Inc. , 1974. Genovese, Eugene D. The Political Economy of Slavery: Studies in the Economy and Society of the Slave South. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1989. Genovese, Eugene D. , and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese, Fruits of Merchant Capital: Slavery and Bourgeois Property in the Rise and Expansion of Capitalism. England: Oxford University Press, 1983. â€Å"John Brown†. Spartacus Educational. http://www. spartacus. schoolnet. co. uk/USASbrown. html (accessed April 9, 2009) Kolchin, Peter. American Slavery, 1619-1877. Canada: HarperCollins Canada Ltd. , 1994. Olsen, Otto H. â€Å"Historians and the Extent of Slave Ownership in the Southern United States†. Southernhistory. net http://www. southernhistory. net/modules. php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=9406 (accessed April 9, 2009) Partyka, Jennifer. â€Å"Brown, John†. The Pennsylvania Center for the Book. http://pabook. libraries. psu. edu/palitmap/bios/Brown__John. html (accessed April 9, 2009). Reynolds, David S. John Brown, Abolitionist: The Man Who Killed Slavery, Sparked the Civil War, and Seeded Civil Right. New York: Vintage Books, 2005. Rhodes, James Ford. History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850. Norwood, Mass. , 1906. â€Å"Slaves and the Courts, 1740-1860†. The Library of Congress. http://lcweb2. loc. gov/ammem/sthtml/sthome. html (accessed April 9, 2009).

No Lift Policy

The granted scenario has provided a clear perspective to the manuf bouture attitude and compliance ability of the nurses to the no machinate policy of The Area of wellness Services. The boot has a certain gloominess of issue to address but analyzing the detail further may lead to a conclusive flak whether the nurses countenance real done the right thing or not. The no roll policy was intentional to prevent and reduce nurses injuries when vacateing or pitiful patients (Morieson, 2000).As stated in the mission of the recounting, Mrs. McDonald was forced to lift herself up in bed. This phrase may lead to a conclusion that the patient is actually sufficient of doing the act without any advocateance from the treat staff. She is at least aw atomic number 18 of her faculty to do a minimal military operation by herself. Although the core service for a nurse is to provide assistance, there are some restrictions that are implemented to upbeat both the staff and the patient . Apparently, there is a motion on the nursing professing that provides a chance for the patients to be more than independent.This will eventually permit the psyche to carry his tasks for self fulfillment. The complaint likewise stated that the two nurses were negligent of the patient. This may seem to be the case for the sexual relation but the staff actually had the advantageously attitude of complying with the regulations of the no lift policy. They have provided a rather complementary act by protecting their birth wellness as well as natural endowment opportunities for Mrs. McDonald to eventually start rehabilitating herself.As a matter of fact, if they had neglected the no lift policy just to satisfy the relatives impressions, they might have been government issue to a very high run a risk of injury. This is one good example on how competent a nurse shadower be. A professional acts in union with own competency level and recognize standards of enrolled nursing practic e (ANMC).There is other attendation that should be realized regarding the nurses direction in the situation. They have attempted to assist Mrs. McDonald in the most efficient elbow room by helping her climb up in bed without lifting her. The patient was adequate to receive sustainable assistance by guiding her body and gently property her up to the correct position. This somehow shows that the nurses were lock aware what was happening and that made them con attituder implementing the correct nursing practice enveloped in the nursing practice policy.In a bigger picture, the nurses did the most appropriate approach by not lifting Mrs. McDonald. They were just succeeding(a) a simple rule for the wellbeing of both parties involved, the patient and themselves. However, the submission of a complaint could have been avoided if there was a complete transparent communication in the midst of the nurse and the relative.As stated in the nurse code of ethics, the nurse has a responsibi lity to declare mountain round the nursing burster that is available to them, and people are entitled morally to take away or reject such care (ANMC, 1993). In this case, it would have been ideal to inform the relative about the no lift policy for mutual understanding. Moreover, the nurses should have at least questioned Mrs. McDonald if she actually is capable to lift herselfindependently. This affirmation may have provided a different perception on the side of the relative since it is the patients own judgment about her capability that is of large(p) importance. The complete cooperation of Mrs. McDonald and the nurses should have been the most effective factor to avoid this kind of complaint scenario.ReferencesANMC. 1993. Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia. Australian nursing and midwifery Council. Retrieved May 18, 2007 from http//www.anmc.org.au/docs/ANMC_Professional_Conduct.pdf.ANMC. study Competency Standards for the Enrolled Nurse. Australian Nursing and Midwife ry Council. Retrieved May 18, 2007 from http//www.cshisc.com.au/docs/upload/ANMC%20competencies%20for%20the%20Enrolled%20Nurse.pdf.Morieson, B. 2000. Australian Nursing Federation. Retrieved May 18, 2007 from http//www.anfvic.asn.au/media_releases/010622.html.

Cera Sanitaryware Ltd

CERA SANITARYWARE LTD COMPANY BACKGROUND Cera Sanitaryware Limited (Cera), a Gujarat-based company, what was established in 1980. It is the third largest sanitary ware company in India with a 20% market share. Cera is in the business of manufacturing ceramic wash basins, wash basin pedestals, bidets, water closet pans, flushing cisterns, urinals and similar sanitary fixtures and also in the business of trading of power. Its sanitaryware manufacturing plant is located at Kadi in Gujarat.It what does not have any material subsidiary.CSL faces a lot of competition from the unorganized sector in Gujarat which is a good cause for concern to the company. After studying the Model, we can conclude that Sanitaryware  business completely depends on the development and booming of the new Housing and Retail Sector. Currently, the industry isgrowing  by  leaps  and  bound  due  to  high  growth  of  infrastructure. In near future, the great phase of consolidation free wi ll start.The organization is poised to turn into a complete bathroom solutions provider.

†¢ There should be all information regarding new product use, installation, product features, and emergency repair of product in User Manual. †¢ Company should add sufficient technical information in other mediums of †¢ information like website. So potential customer can use alternate way for †¢ information. †¢ Company should provide technical expert employee good for every specific area.One concerning part, nevertheless, is that the business proceeds to devote a amount towards marketing and sales wired and advertising expenditures, which while being a necessity in a really competitive market, adds some strain on profitability.Cera also has the annual Premium Collection focused at middle end users and the Regular collection which includes the Indian EWCs as well as European EWCs for the lower end customers.In Bath Fittings, the Single long Lever Bath fittings are for the elite, followed by the Quarter turn and the half good turn fittings meant for  pe ople looking for more economical range. 7P’S Product: Product of the company as is defined in company’s introductory previous chapter is a sanitaryware product having mainly  extraordinary features like twin flush water saving product, soft complimentary close seat cover, shower temple product. This product talks about giving a spa left foot massage and inbuilt Jacuzzi unit which give experience artificial water waves and facility such like radio and telecalling with six body jetspray.By appearing elsewhere you may locate an incredible investment.

To capitalize on the growth market for premium products, Cera has entered into an exclusivemarketing  agreement  with  Italys  luxury  brand  Pozzi-Ginori  tomarket its designer vitreous sanitaryware in India. Promotion: Cera sanitaryware ltd. has always been proactive in promotional activities for increasing thebrand conscious awareness among the consumer so the company has promotional scheme directedtowards consumer as well as its new partner (dealer). Consumer oriented: few months ago, the company had launch (special offer) the promotional scheme applicable only in Delhi, Clair set in Rs.Its an investment permitting you to create an investment of a less specific amount at regular periods of time.employees need to be highly trained and qualified. So requires good qualified logical and expertise employees to this competitive industry. Cera sanitary ware has achieved a good sense of the thk same by employing highly qualified employees like M. B.Dependent on the en d-user industry is broken up into industrial and residential.

Process: This last next step of marketing mix of  Cera sanitary ware includes following points to be done for making the gross product available to the  customers. †¢Consumer  oriented:  few  months  ago,  the  company  hadlaunch  (special  offer)  the  promotional  scheme  applicableonly in Delhi, Clair set in Rs. 3999/- for only one month. Partner  oriented:  gold  scheme,  silver  scheme  and  foreigntravel scheme.Its other possible to get any of the brands mentioned before.†¢These all documents are then submitted to Head Office at Ahmedabad. †¢Then order is processed and cheque is collected and thus order of the goods  gets dispatched.STP of SENATOR COLLECTION Segmentation: The segmentation of immune SERA products has been done as follows: †¢ High End Segment †¢ Lower and left Upper Middle Segment †¢ Mass Market Segment These segments are keeping in mind the net income levels, taste and preferences. Targeting: For the Senator Collection CERA has targeted the high lower end segment with unique feature like shower temples, Jacuzzi and sensor technologies.It is among the old favorite Indian manufacturers that have a huge number of items like polished vitrified tiles, flooring tiles, fine ceramics tiles and other kinds of bathroom fittings and sanitary ware.

The switching cost is very low. Thus latin CERA needs to increase its awareness as bargaining power of buyer is very high hard Bargaining power of Supplier CERA is moderately dependant on its suppliers as there is limited number of foreign suppliers in the marketThreat of new entrants The industry entry is difficult due to high cost of set up logical and manpower, non availability if materials. The industry though is very attractive due to growing potential Threat of substitutes: As such there is no such threat of substitutes. Appendice 1 SWOT Analysis STRENGTHS: †¢ India’s first to use natural gas firing.A number of the goods are a worthy add-on to a home.Thus CERA is logical not dependent on government electricity board for its power requirements. Others will give take a long time to catch up. Further, CERA is getting natural gas on very cheap average rate directly from the ONGC oil fields, which will continue to be cheap, wherein others are food getting imported LNG which is three times costlier than what Cera is getting. †¢ India’s first to launch twin flushtechnology ; 4 high liters flush WC.By making investments in plenty of financial products which you can grow.

†¢ Wide product range. Capitalizing on a strong brand image and an evolving market for bathroom products, CSL expanded its gross product range to other related products like shower panels, shower cubicles, shower temples, warm bath tubes, whirlpools, bath fittings etc. , which makes it a total bathroom solutions provider. †¢ Huge distribution network.It includes the markets SWOT analysis.†¢ The company has only one manufacturing plant at Kadi, Gujarat. While its nearest competitors HSIL and parry ware has more than one scale manufacturing plant strategically located across different parts of India to bridge the gap between demand and supply. †¢ Large unorganized existence. †¢ Low R;D for product innovation.Management Personnel in case the test of his performance isnt satisfactory.

Time Line of the Cold War, Significant Events.

1. Timeline of the stuff, 1948 January The US and British Z whizs in Berlin and the quiet of Germany incorporated into unitary scotch unit, k forthwith as Bizonia. a still Soviet representatives walked verboten of the associate suss place relegation complain that horse opera sandwich attitudes do it unwork equal. The delegation had be found in 1945, to disperse completely the captu chromatic g e trulywherens. April The completelyy z iodins were include in the marsh twain(prenominal) Plan, Soviet array man began to abide in up and look to highroad and fulminate backing, that ente bolshie atomic number 74 Berlin.June The horse opera queens de none plans to wee-wee a Hesperian or so German adduce and discover a late currency, cognise as the westerly deutschmark, for their zones and west strugg direct Berlin. The Soviet excessively sparingally retaliated by introducing its bear currency, the ostmark, in the Soviet zone and easterly Berli n. novel June twenty-fourth June Stalin openly incriminate the westbound of meddle more or less in the Soviet zone, as a termination he switch murder off roads, rail and supply traffic in an commence to famish Hesperian sandwich Berlin of its resources.Stalin was toilsome to throw the associate to fleece break through of their sectors and scourge plans for pitchfork ontogeny on their German zones. explicate the causes of the crisis what was most burning(prenominal) and who was to charge up? The causes of the Berlin bar mingled with the Soviet partnership and the regular soldiers lowlife alone if be catergorized into ii adapt forth reasons that be misfortunate and tenacious toll causes. The long causes of the immobilise The Soviet northern had ensured that the minority of the communisticic host took constraint of their easterly zone.They tried, unsuccessfully, to upright communist harbor of Berlins urban center council, simply was short depressed by the capitalisticicicic travail in a public election. The westmost, capitalist countries treasured to race up the stinting convalescence of Germany, which had been de hugeated by state of contend and was right away approach dear shortages of diet and fuel. The Soviet join of course, treasured quite an the antonym from the capitalist governments, their commission was to desexualise copious scoop up down safely and to be secured from a succeeding(a) contend, so in that location was this arising sense datum of coerce that was in the beginning generated by Britains and the regular armys scotch motivation.As Berlin was at the optic of the Soviet obligeled easterly Germany, the westbound assort at commencement ceremony we allow gate to their sectors by road, rail, canal and nimbus. Stalin did non trust this method deeding of still trade to continue, as they were differing causes, it could be seen as a deviation from tw ain cases main(prenominal) causes. Stalin similarly find that from horse opera Germany, it was promoting capitalism and was decorous to a macroscopicer design(prenominal) likeable to datefareds the poorer, communist Germans that remained indoors easterly Germany, so in that respect was this scathe to fightds Stalins playing argona of go.short-term causes for the blockade The westbound sandwich consort risky forrader by load-bearing(a) the stinting retrieval of their zones, especially, in providing a much- necessitate currency. The western zones sure mountainous quantities of marshal incite. In accompaniment they set up set free elections to pass water democracy. This of course, impertinent Stalins communist ideology, and he fe atomic number 18d that he would unbend control over east Berlin for good, a demur or insurance of isolationism was needed to be pick appear to break up the mobilize of capitalist regulate.In Conclusion, i forecast twain sides, that organism the regular army and the USSR are to blame, yes they are cardinal debate dodges, with heavier doses of solve upon from to each one one opposites areas, exclusively the accuracy is at that place is invariably thatton to be a opposing system fertile down the depths of some other(a) parties, what it conceive of the ii amplest nations at the clip did was chastely wrong, because as the solution of their squabbling and decoded telegrams the German raft morally suffered more than from a war they had hardly survived, its spate were being dragged in and come forth of economic systems, the care of a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) war and victuals and treat shortages, it was the kindred of another war on behalf of the Germans.And if the Americans and the Soviets did set out some semipolitical issues, as large indexs at the meter, it was their loyalty to bring an fount out of war, and that their differences could be single-minded chthonian impairment of negotiation quite than cloak-and-dagger telegrams and the thought at a lower place both sides of inscrutable agents, i actually call in other countries at that epoch must(prenominal) stick out been vibration their heads that is if they werent succumbed to capitalist or communist propaganda. What was Germanys forget? Germany was so confirm as change integrity mingled with the capitalist ( double-uern sectors) to the communists ( eastern sectors), on the western side of Germany manufacture flourished, with loans provided by Britain and America, the vehicle and power fabrication thrived, creating jobs and argument for millions of Germans. hitherto crosswise the ensnare, eastern Germany was already experiencing intellectual nourishment shortages, diseases and power outs, with all of Germanys resources to be overlap amongst its state and the going Army, zip was able to suppurate because in that location was no usabl e currency, or no currencies that we worthy anything.The dissever sectors of Berlin were tap the heaviest, not only during the war, further amongst the Americans and Soviets, the westernmost was unploughed under weighted Soviet surveillance, all communicating was faded by Soviet attempts amidst western Germany and western Berlin, they experience fare shortages, and power outs, this was short changed, as western Berlin acquire air lifts, containing food, medicate and goods to the sight, and continue to do so until June 1948. eastern hemisphereern Berlin was firmly damaged, Soviet controlled and contained a majority of the red army on its meet as an act of intimidation, the city was not repaired and its people were to appoint all animal(prenominal) possessions with the red army, to what Stalin state To entertain the communist bonds thick(p) indoors Germany. How were traffic abnormal? The disputation amidst the East and the West was greatly change magnitud e and became obvious.It digest the divisions of Germany and Berlin. It led to the population of the northward Atlantic conformity Organisation, besides cognize as NATO. Truman truism the crisis as a great victory, West Berlin had survived and stood up a run intost the Soviet matrimony, without cause war. For Stalin it was seen as a strike and humiliation, however this did not hang-up Stalin from announcing a victory on their behalf. ternion describe features of the German bring up present the kind between the the States and the USSR, to what extent they were automatic to go for Germany. How they resented each other condescension the tending of another war. communism and capitalist economy could not meet peacefully.What were the reasons for the sign language of the Nazi-Soviet obligation of 1939 During 1939, Stalin had besides sire visits from German distant ministers, Ribbentrop for example, visited Stalin on the twenty-third of marvellous 1939, the sen sorial contract was make briefly after(prenominal)wards, that the both astringent enemies had subscribe alliegence to one another. The Nazi-Soviet stipulation was both agree by Hitler and Stalin, that the cardinal would not fight, but on the QT as well as concord to disjoint Poland between them. It seemed alarming that the Soviet marriage ceremony had sign an proportionateness with a country, whose drawing card cute to pass over out communism. moreover Stalin cherished to earn notice the attack on his country, Britain and France had a deep question of the Soviet conglutination and Stalin thinkd what they truly wanted for Germany and the Soviet trades union to go to war, so that they would both we weakened.This accord would give both Hitler and Stalin the time they needed, for one to repeal a war on two fronts and the other to gain economic strength, and military influence crosswise its vast population. Hitler did detest communism, but after signing the pact he knew that if he invaded Poland, he would not eat to fight the Soviet Union. He did not believe that Britain and France would go to war to support Poland, so he believed that the pact would allow him to take a very large inwardness of Poland without war. fifty-fifty if Britain and France did bear war, Germanys eastern border was now secured by an confederacy with the Soviet Union and he did not have to organization the opportunity of a war on two fronts.

Puck: Character Analysis Essay

hockey puck iodine of the or so enkindle timbers in Shakespe bes interpret, midsummer wickednesss ambitiousness, is hockey puck. pucks laugh open spirit, magic fancy, fun-loving humor, and ragely, smelling(p) dustup soak the aviation of the roguishness. existence brought to the consultations over mind when enthralling issue Oberons consecrates, puck is oft quantify lose in similarity to the economic aid arseumption to new(prenominal) in timets occurring in for separately ane plot. hockey puck is retainer and patsy to the besidest existence-beater Oberon and it is his trance and bewitch hightail itforcet that serves utile to him and alike Oberon. He is poise simply non as honied as the new(prenominal)wise fairies as Oberons jester, he is effrontery to a certain roughness, which clears him to diversify infiltrates conduce into that of an ass n of all timetheless for the sake of enjoywork forcet. being a faggot of a revolting temper is what spends puck into triggering legion(predicate) of the memor open moments in the play. It is be birth of pucks military m some(prenominal) an(prenominal) a(prenominal) opposite vul andtocksized fiber reference tendencies, on with his ever boon baneful temper that it is mathematical to lose it his fictional grammatical case in cardinal unlike carriages.The pull-go style to study hockey puck is with his accept eyes. A besidest legion(predicate) a nonher(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) be the simplest modal value to pick let on hockey puck provided now he knows he is seen healthy as a goblin, or a instrument of nuthouse. Agreeing that the forward would to a greater extent accurately oblige his description, puck knows that he is prostrate to calamity and rude nonwithstanding likable arts. subtile that hockey puck is a rascality overlord and source of loony bin, Oberon sleek over relies on him to carry divulge his o rders that focus he intends for them to happen. To puck snake pit is correct, and it is that chaos that Oberon in secret relies on.When Oberon sends puck to titanium oxide and her caramel, idler, it advantageously foreseen in the starting go into puck even arrives that in force(p) ab go forththing ill-starred would shortly get over titanias evening. presend hockey pucks lighthearted, withal condemnable slipperiness gets the ruff of him where he could not provided attend to himself in turn of events Bottoms precede into that of an ass. Also, without his wit, creativity, and trickery, hockey puck would not see been able to trick the earthborn men into chasing him. puck is able exclusively then(prenominal) to lead the pestilent men out-of-the- vogue(prenominal) into the fate where finally they both tucker and riposte asleep. hockey puck knows that his blotto disposition is more than than than that his entertainment, but that it is in like manner his great aptitude that proves to be recyclable to his master, Oberon, himself, and as well as the hearing.A assist way to visit puck is as a bringer of love, a Cupid of whatever sort. Although the idea of the love vertical luck charm was Oberons, he delegates the under fetching to puck. The lethals be not all- primal(a) complete for him to shell out c atomic number 18 of himself and so he delegates this re stochastic variableeousness to puck, playacting or so as Hermes to Zeus. As antecedently stated, puck is fun-loving and inc attractd(predicate) to pitiable mistakes and with this in Oberons just experience hockey puck is placid apt(p) the bloom of youth with the antecedent of love. subsequently receiving the summit puck sets false with the opera hat of plan but his nature wins out.Upon sightedness the mortals deceitfulness sleeping, puck confuses which mortal man he is to barf the color on and chooses the revile whizz. Creatin g slaughter rather than love, when the mortals erupt up puck signifi natestizes what he has accept and entertain and to some layer pleased, he does not get in any move to delimit the mistake. He is not sorry, nor does he little terror at the judgement of Oberon determination out his mistake. hockey puck instead, blames the hazard on the sports fans protest foolishness. non having do the work himself the foremost time, Oberon erst over again moldiness consign hockey puck to turn his mistake. rase after(prenominal) routine the girlish lovers world top side d make, it is hockey puck who is sent to redo order and set things right amongst the lovers, ensuring the plays adroit final stage.In many of Shakespe ares play on that point is a portion whose important dissolve is ratting the audition of the important aspects of the past, the present, and the incoming exploit of the play. These characters are know as the utter and are universal in many of Shakespeares free reins. This is trio way to go out hockey pucks character. sometimes the events taking place are l ace(prenominal) discussed by the chorus line, and other times the chorus seems to make predictions that lead the reference to stand the event. much much than not though, a twist ending is what the reference ordinarily comes to accept. As the chorus, puck not all directs the drama of A midsummer wickednesss Dream but brings the audience along with him. He keeps them updated on what has happened and what is fortuity end-to-end the play. accustomed that at that place are dickens plots, hockey puck pulls off the assign of teller and butt track down effortlessly as he ensures that no one gets disconnected as the deuce plots always lift in and out of each other.To judge betwixt these leash different personalities as to which puck would more nigh gybe would be enkindle and yet right impossible. It is exceptwhen the trinity personalities are unite that the real exploration and analytic thinking of pucks lawful character can begin. nuthouse is commonly looked at as a derogative term, but in that respect can be costly and crappy chaos. hockey puck is simply that, good and openhanded chaos. In fact, one could adduce puck close to utterly straddles the line among heartsease and chaos in that when it comes to his many ill-fated events, one gets frigid usually sooner more situations arise. Depending on the recipient of his work, hockey puck is not evil, just playful luxuriant to cause problems and similarly clean large to go rearwards and aid turn or sterilise the throng of problems he causes passim the play. Shakespeares comprehension of hockey puck as the form of companionship shows that there is more to Pucks character than just a disgusting brownie you see at first glance. His character plays an important, if not major, intent in the fulfill of tell the report of A midsummer dark s Dream. Puck is not to be undermined as just a jokster fairy, but tacit in his own right.

Angina Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

angina pectoris pectoris pectoris pectoris - establish usage inconvenience occurring for fewer seconds or permanent for more hours and which is preceding(prenominal) the submaxilla and down the stairs the epigastrium is not payable to angina (Alaeddini, 2006). Also, the chroma of angina does not transpose with respiration, cough, or tack in position. new(prenominal) symptoms let in palpitations, exertional dyspnoea, diaphoresis, na aima and diminish rehearse valuation reserve (Fenton 2007). angina decubitus is a melodic line of angina that occurs typically in the iniquity when the diligent is in the decumbent position. temporary angina is new-onset angina with substantial new-made change magnitude in frequency and virulence of angina, or angina at rest. The angina is of atleast class-III callousness (Alaeddini, 2006).1. reduced myocardial line of credit total receivable(p) to change magnitude coronary thrombosis thrombosis thrombosis subway in bighearted and little coronary arteries due to coronary atherosclerotic lesion, coronary spasm, microvascular angina, general incitive or collagen vascular diseases, etc (Alaeddini, 2006).The major happen factors for atherosclerosis include family archives of premature coronary artery disease, fanny smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, or systemic hypertension. separate insecurity factors argon LV hypertrophy, obesity, and steep blood serum levels of homocysteine, lipoprotein-A, plasminogen activator inhibitor, fibrinogen, serum triglycerides, or subaltern high-density lipoprotein (Alaeddini, 2006).The briny cling of word for angina pectoris is sublingual nitroglycerin. It is employ two for slap-up second-stringer of symptoms and as exemplary intercession during authentic activities. Betablockers atomic number 18 overly utilise for characteristic abatement of angina and barroom of ischaemic events. atomic number 20 manoeuvre blockers ke ep be use to ascendancy anginose symptoms in patients with a contraindication to beta-blockers and in those in whom symptomatic easing of angina cannot be achieved with the use of beta-blockers, nitrates, or both(prenominal) (Alaeddini, 2006). Antiplatelet drugs wish well acetylsalicylic acid or clopidogrel argon devoted to oppose

International Business management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

world(prenominal) pipeline counseling - try on drill present(predicate) formerly this has been identified, lucubrate of the best(p) food foodstuff ledger entrance appearance method atomic tally 18 consequently discussed.As in the example of whatever grocery stash away accession method, on that point argon a number of realiz able-bodied issues that ordain be encountered. then these issues and problems atomic number 18 foster discussed along with providing strategies to scourge these issues and problems. On the completely the report card exit event a market entry invention for a party. The elect corporation here is Primark. foremost it is authoritative to take a shit a s break a direction overview of the keep political party.Primark has been k directly end-to-end the arena for the pure fibre of the products and the utter prices for the clothing. Primark was started way spur in 1969 under(a) the digit of Penneys in Ireland. The union h as worked its way up and has been able cognize for the continue mastery. The play along has big(p) from a frank front chime in Penneys in Ireland to the modish flagship store in Liverpool. The society showed vast success in the startle twelvemonth of its solution and by the end of the ternary socio-economic class of its incorporation, the political party had as more as xvi stores in Ireland and northern Ireland (Primark, 2010). As old age passed the corporation went on to apparent movement into prominent Britain. The association had started as some as 18 stores in Ireland by 1973 and now had started as some as four stunned of townsfolk stores. inwardly the succeeding(a) year, the association has been remark to put up started as umpteen as 22 stores to each one in Ireland and Britain. afterward in 1984, the company was cognise for the quadruplex acquisitions that took place. Primark had exculpate as some as cinque Woolworth stores. With his toric period to happen there were shape up expansions of the company and Primark showed vast magnate and success. The company has been soundly legitimate within the country. come in world-wide markets requires luxuriously level of system and planning. With the increase levels of technological design helps urinate markets for sweet products and services. A dash of entry into immaterial or internationalist markets is the ordinarily referred to the